What is turtleneck syndrome?

Turtleneck syndrome, also known as superior vena cava syndrome, is a medical condition in which the superior vena cava, a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart, becomes partially or completely blocked. This can lead to symptoms such as swelling of the face, neck, and upper arms, difficulty breathing, coughing, chest pain, and a feeling of fullness in the head.

The most common causes of turtleneck syndrome include cancer (such as lung cancer or lymphoma) that has spread to the area around the superior vena cava, blood clots in the vein, or the compression of the vein by a tumor or enlarged lymph nodes. Other less common causes include infections, pacemaker wires, or other medical devices that are inserted into the vein.

Treatment for turtleneck syndrome depends on the underlying cause and may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, blood thinners, or surgery to remove the blockage. In some cases, the condition may be managed with supportive care and symptom management.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of turtleneck syndrome, as prompt diagnosis and treatment can help alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.